Effect of Media and Photoperiod on Embryogenic and Organogenic Callus Induction from Mature Seed in Oryza sativa L.
Danielle Christelle Tinak Ekom *
Mbalmayo Agricultural Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), P.O. Box 2067, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Jean Cyrille Mouen Piau
Jay P, Johnson Biotechnology Laboratory, Ekona Research Centre, Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), PMB 25, Buea, Cameroon.
Haïcha Diko Abba
Garoua Multipurpose Research Station, Institute of Agricultural Research for Development (IRAD), P.O. Box 415, Garoua, Cameroon.
Oungvan Memena
Cameroon’s Cotton Development Company (SODECOTON), P.O.Box 302, Garoua, Cameroon.
Rodrigue Simonet Poueme Namegni
Epidemiology and Public Health Service, Centre Pasteur du Cameroun (CPC), P.O. Box 1274, Yaounde, Cameroon.
Abel Wade
National Veterinary Laboratory (LANAVET), P.O. Box 503, Garoua, Cameroon.
*Author to whom correspondence should be addressed.
Abstract
Rice is the staple food for billions of people and a source of income for hundreds of millions. This food security crop production needs to be improved to face the projected demands of the exponentially augmenting world’s population and overcome biotic and abiotic stress in the fields. Optimized in vitro culture protocols are a prerequisite to genetic engineering which appears to be the best potential way to improve the rice plant. In this study, ‘Nerica 3’ and ‘Nerica L36’ seeds were in vitro culture tested into 4 media (m1-4), in dark and photoperiod environments. The percentage of callus induction was calculated and callus weight was recorded. Results show that callus induction was influenced by variety × environment and medium × environment interactions, with a strong influence of the environment used. ‘Nerica 3’ showed the highest mean (88.25%) callus induction after six weeks of incubation on different media. m1 and m2 media showed greater mean callus induction (more than 86%). Higher callus induction came from m1 (82% and 91%) and m2 (81% and 93%) media, while lower rates came from m3 (73%) and m4 (69%) media for embryogenic and organogenic calli respectively. Culturing the explant in dark environment to produce embryogenic callus, resulted in greater callus weight for ‘Nerica 3’ (1.03 g) and ‘Nerica L36’ (0.79 g). This study is a contribution to the rice plant genetic improvement by proposing protocols for somatic embryogenesis of two Nerica rice varieties.
Keywords: Rice, food security, biotechnology, somatic embryogenesis, callus
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References
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